Malangizo Okonzanso Ma Hemodialyzers
Njira yogwiritsiranso ntchito hemodialyzer yamagazi yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito, pambuyo pa njira zingapo, monga kutsuka, kuyeretsa, ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tikwaniritse zofunikira zomwe zafotokozedwa, pa chithandizo cha dialysis cha wodwalayo yemweyo imatchedwa hemodialyzer reuse.
Chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe zingachitike pakukonzanso magazi, zomwe zingabweretse ngozi kwa odwala, pali malamulo okhwima okhudza kugwiritsanso ntchito ma hemodialyzers a magazi. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuphunzitsidwa bwino ndikutsatira malangizo ogwirira ntchito panthawi yokonzanso magazi.
Njira Yothandizira Madzi
Kukonzanso kuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi obwerera m'mbuyo, omwe ayenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yachilengedwe ya ubwino wa madzi ndikukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa madzi kwa zida zomwe zikugwira ntchito nthawi yayitali. Kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mabakiteriya ndi ma endotoxin m'madzi a RO kuyenera kuyesedwa nthawi zonse. Kuwunika madzi kuyenera kuchitika pafupi kapena pafupi ndi malo olumikizirana pakati pa choyezera magazi ndi makina obwezeretsanso. Mlingo wa bakiteriya suyenera kupitirira 200 CFU/ml, ndi malire olowerera a 50 CFU/ml; mlingo wa endotoxin suyenera kupitirira 2 EU/ml, ndi malire olowerera a 1 EU/ml. Mukafika malire olowerera, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyeretsera madzi kuyenera kuvomerezedwa. Komabe, njira ziyenera kutengedwa (monga kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'makina oyeretsera madzi) kuti tipewe kuipitsidwa kwina. Kuyesa kwa bakiteriya ndi endotoxin kwa ubwino wa madzi kuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa sabata, ndipo mayeso awiri otsatizana akakwaniritsa zofunikira, kuyesa kwa bakiteriya kuyenera kuchitika pamwezi, ndipo kuyesa kwa endotoxin kuyenera kuchitika kamodzi pa miyezi itatu iliyonse.
Njira Yokonzanso
Makina okonzanso ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito zake ndi izi: kuyika dialyzer mu reverse ultrafiltration state kuti isambitsidwe mobwerezabwereza chipinda cha magazi ndi chipinda cha dialysate; kuchita mayeso a magwiridwe antchito ndi umphumphu wa nembanemba pa dialyzer; kuyeretsa chipinda cha magazi ndi chipinda cha dialysate ndi yankho lophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda loposa katatu kuchuluka kwa chipinda cha magazi, kenako kudzaza dialyzer ndi yankho lophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda logwira ntchito.
Makina ogwiritsira ntchito dialyzer a Wesley -- mode W-F168-A/B ndi makina oyamba ogwiritsira ntchito dialyzer okha padziko lonse lapansi, okhala ndi mapulogalamu otsuka, kuyeretsa, kuyesa, ndi kusakaniza, omwe amatha kumaliza kutsuka dialyzer, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a dialyzer, kuyesa, ndi kulowetsedwa m'mphindi pafupifupi 12, kukwaniritsa miyezo yogwiritsiranso ntchito dialyzer, ndikusindikiza zotsatira za mayeso a TCV (Total Cell Volume). Makina ogwiritsira ntchito dialyzer okha amafewetsa ntchito ya ogwiritsa ntchito ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ma dialyzer a magazi ogwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira mtima.
W-F168-B
Chitetezo Chaumwini
Wantchito aliyense amene angakhudze magazi a odwala ayenera kusamala. Pokonza dialyzer, ogwira ntchito ayenera kuvala magolovesi ndi zovala zodzitetezera ndikutsatira miyezo yoletsa matenda. Akamachita njira yodziwikiratu kapena yodziwika bwino ya poizoni kapena yankho, ogwira ntchito ayenera kuvala zophimba nkhope ndi zopumira.
M'chipinda chogwirira ntchito, payenera kuyikidwa pompo yotsukira maso kuti iwonetsetse kuti wantchito akutsuka bwino komanso nthawi yake akavulala ndi mankhwala ophatikizika.
Zofunikira pa Kukonzanso Ma Dialyzer a Magazi
Pambuyo pa dialysis, dialyzer iyenera kunyamulidwa pamalo oyera ndikusamalidwa nthawi yomweyo. Ngati pali zochitika zapadera, ma hemodialysis a magazi omwe sanachiritsidwe mkati mwa maola awiri amatha kusungidwa mufiriji atatsukidwa, ndipo njira zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kuyeretsa magazi ziyenera kutha mkati mwa maola 24.
●Kutsuka ndi kuyeretsa: Gwiritsani ntchito madzi oyeretsera a RO kuti mutsuke ndikutsuka magazi ndi chipinda choyeretsera cha hemodialyzer ya magazi, kuphatikizapo kupukuta msana. Hydrogen peroxide yosungunuka, sodium hypochlorite, peracetic acid, ndi zina zoyeretsera mankhwala zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zotsukira za dialyzer. Koma, musanawonjezere mankhwala, mankhwala akale ayenera kuchotsedwa. Sodium hypochlorite iyenera kuchotsedwa mu yankho loyeretsera musanawonjezere formalin ndipo isasakanizidwe ndi peracetic acid.
●Kuyesa kwa TCV kwa dialyzer: TCV ya dialyzer ya magazi iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa kapena yofanana ndi 80% ya TCV yoyambirira mutakonzanso.
●Kuyesa kwa Dialysis membrane integrity: Kuyesa kuphulika kwa membrane, monga kuyesa mpweya, kuyenera kuchitika pokonzanso hemodialyzer ya magazi.
●Kuthira mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kuyeretsa magazi: Hemodialyzer yoyeretsedwa m'magazi iyenera kutsukidwa kuti isawononge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chipinda chamagazi ndi chipinda cha dialysate ziyenera kukhala zoyera kapena zoyera kwambiri, ndipo dialyzer iyenera kudzazidwa ndi yankho la mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kufika pa 90% ya lamulo. Malo olowera ndi kutuluka kwa magazi ndi malo olowera ndi kutuluka kwa dialysate ziyenera kutsukidwa kenako nkuphimbidwa ndi zipewa zatsopano kapena zoyera.
●Chigoba cha dialyzer: Mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osakhuthala kwambiri (monga 0.05% sodium hypochlorite) omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera zinthu za chigobacho ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kunyowetsa kapena kuyeretsa magazi ndi dothi lomwe lili pa chigobacho.
●Kusungira: Ma dialyzer okonzedwa ayenera kusungidwa pamalo osankhidwa kuti asiyane ndi ma dialyzer osakonzedwa ngati aipitsidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika.
Kuyang'ana Maonekedwe Akunja Pambuyo Pokonzanso
(1) Palibe magazi kapena banga lina kunja
(2) Palibe crank mu chipolopolo ndi malo olowera magazi kapena dialysate
(3) Palibe kutsekeka kwa ulusi ndi ulusi wakuda pamwamba pa ulusi wopanda kanthu
(4) Palibe kutsekeka kwa magazi m'ma terminal awiri a ulusi wa dialyzer
(5) Ikani zipewa pa malo olowera ndi otulutsira magazi ndipo tsegulani dialysate ndipo onetsetsani kuti mpweya sutuluka.
(6) Chizindikiro cha chidziwitso cha wodwalayo ndi chidziwitso chokonzanso dialyzer ndi cholondola komanso chomveka bwino.
Kukonzekera Dialysis Yotsatira isanachitike
●Tsukani mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: chotsukiracho chiyenera kudzazidwa ndi kutsukidwa mokwanira ndi saline wamba musanagwiritse ntchito.
●Kuyesa zotsalira za mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: mulingo wotsalira wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu dialyzer: formalin <5 ppm (5 μg/L), peracetic acid <1 ppm (1 μg/L), Renalin <3 ppm (3 μg/L)
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-26-2024
